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152 Copyright © Acronis, Inc., 2000-2010
The main drawback is the large number of required tapes that is used 5-10%.
If we have to keep a daily backup for a week (4 backups) and a weekly backup for a month (4
backups), the total number of required tapes will be equal to 4+4+13+1 = 22.
Using the Tower of Hanoi tape rotation scheme
The ToH scheme requires fewer tapes for rotation as compared with the GFS scheme. So the ToH
scheme is the best choice for small tape libraries, especially for autoloaders.
Once the ToH backup scheme is selected, it is possible to specify the scheme schedule and the
number of levels.
Best practice suggests that five levels should be used if you are applying the Tower of Hanoi to
weekly backups and eight levels if you are applying it to daily backups. In the first case the rotation
includes 16 weekly sessions so it ensures that the roll-back period (the minimum number of days that
you can go back in the archive) is 8 weeks. Tape rotation for the second case includes 128 daily
sessions, i.e. it allows the roll-back period equal 64 days. The roll-back period is always half the
number of sessions.
Each additional level doubles not only the number of sessions but also the oldest backup age.
Let’s return to the analyzed case described in the Case to analyze (p. 145) section, and suppose the
ToH settings are the following:
Schedule: Start the task every 1 day at 11:00 PM. Repeat once.
Number of levels: 5
The Tower of Hanoi scheme with five levels ensures that the roll-back period is 8 days. Let’s
designate the backups of the levels with numbers from 1 to 5 by letters A, B, C, D, and E respectively.
Then the rotation template for the backup sequence in the archive is the following: E-A-B-A-C-A-B-A-
D-A-B-A-C-A-B-A. In the five-level ToH scheme all the backups on the 1st level (A) are incremental, on
the 5th level (E) – full, and other backups on levels 2, 3, and 4 (B, C, and D) are differential.
Tape rotation for the ToH scheme substantially depends on the tape options, whose default settings
do not always provide optimal usage of tapes and the whole tape library.
The goal is to choose the tape options requiring the minimal number of tapes in the rotation.
There are analyzed examples showing how the ToH scheme can be combined with different tape
options in the following sections:
ToH Example 1 (p. 152). The Use a separate tape set option is selected. All the Always use a free
tape options are cleared. It requires 5 tapes in rotation.
ToH Example 2 (p. 153). The Use a separate tape set option is selected. The Always use a free
tape: For each full backup option is selected. The other Always use a free tape options are
cleared. It requires 4 tapes in rotation.
ToH Example 3 (p. 154). The Use a separate tape set option is selected. All the Always use a free
tape options are selected. It requires 7 tapes in rotation.
ToH Example 2 requires 4 tapes, which is the minimum for the case. So its tape options settings are
the best in comparison with options for other examples.
ToH Example 1
Suppose, the backup plan has the following tape options:
- User's Guide 1
- Table of contents 3
- 1.2 Getting started 8
- Name Description 10
- "Navigation" pane 11
- Shortcuts bar 12
- Actions 13
- Operations with panes 14
- Action pages 15
- Action page - Controls 16
- Navigation buttons 16
- 1.3.1 Agent for Windows 17
- 1.3.2 Agent for Linux 18
- 1.3.3 Agent for ESX/ESXi 18
- Management Server 19
- Storage Node 20
- 1.3.5 Management Console 21
- 1.4 Supported file systems 22
- 1.6 System requirements 24
- 1.7 Technical support 25
- 2.1 Basic concepts 26
- Backup using bootable media 28
- Windows 30
- 2.3 Owners and credentials 31
- Full backup 32
- Incremental backup 33
- Differential backup 33
- 2.5 GFS backup scheme 34
- The resulting archive: ideal 36
- The resulting archive: real 36
- Tower of Hanoi overview 38
- Tower of Hanoi by Acronis 38
- 2.7 Retention rules 39
- 1. Delete backups older than 40
- Combination of rules 1 and 2 41
- Best practices 42
- Backing up dynamic volumes 42
- Recovering dynamic volumes 43
- Software RAID arrays 46
- Hardware RAID arrays 47
- Virtual machines backup 47
- Guest operating systems 48
- Guest HDD 49
- Troubleshooting 49
- 2.12 Tape support 50
- 2.13.1 Acronis Secure Zone 51
- Advantages 52
- Limitation 52
- Universal Restore) 53
- Getting Universal Restore 54
- Supported operating systems 55
- How it works 55
- Usage scenarios 55
- 2.14.1 Basic concepts 56
- Protecting the servers 59
- Protecting the workstations 60
- Static and dynamic groups 61
- Dynamic grouping criteria 61
- Using custom groups 62
- Policy on a machine 64
- Policy on a group 64
- Operations with a machine 65
- Inheritance of policies 66
- Policy status on a machine 69
- Policy status on a group 70
- 2.14.6 Deduplication 71
- How deduplication works 72
- Deduplication best practices 73
- Deduplication ratio 74
- Deduplication restrictions 74
- Local connection 75
- Remote connection 76
- Example 1 77
- Acronis security groups 78
- On a domain controller 79
- Rights for Acronis services 81
- Secure communication 82
- Remote Agent ports 83
- Client Encryption options 84
- Server Encryption options 84
- Network port configuration 85
- SSL certificates 86
- Self-signed certificates 87
- Non-self-signed certificates 87
- 3 Options 88
- 3.1.3 Time-based alerts 89
- 3.1.4 Number of tasks 89
- 3.1.5 Fonts 89
- 3.2.1 Logging level 90
- 3.2.2 Log cleanup rules 90
- 3.2.3 Event tracing 91
- 3.2.5 Acronis WOL Proxy 92
- 3.2.6 VM protection options 92
- 3.3 Machine options 93
- 3.3.1 Machine management 94
- 3.3.2 Event tracing 94
- 3.3.3 Log cleanup rules 96
- Archive protection 99
- Source files exclusion 100
- Pre/Post commands 101
- Pre-backup command 101
- Post-backup command 102
- Pre-data capture command 103
- Post-data capture command 103
- Multi-volume snapshot 104
- File-level backup snapshot 104
- Volume Shadow Copy Service 105
- Compression level 105
- Backup performance 106
- Backup priority 106
- HDD writing speed 106
- Network connection speed 107
- Notifications 107
- Messenger service (WinPopup) 108
- Event tracing 109
- Windows event log 109
- SNMP notifications 109
- Backup splitting 110
- File-level security 111
- Media components 112
- Error handling 112
- Dual destination 113
- Task start conditions 114
- Task failure handling 115
- Tape support 115
- Always use a free tape 116
- Additional settings 117
- Use FTP in Active mode 118
- Pre-recovery command 120
- Post-recovery command 121
- Recovery priority 121
- VM power management 126
- 4 Vaults 128
- 4.1 Centralized vaults 129
- Vault toolbar 130
- Pie chart with legend 130
- Vault content 130
- Vault path 133
- Vault database path 133
- Vault encryption 134
- Attaching a managed vault 135
- 4.1.3 Tape libraries 136
- Hardware 137
- Limitations 137
- RSM Media Pools 137
- Prerequisites 138
- Backing up to tape library 140
- Recovering from tape library 140
- Managing a tape library 141
- Inventory 141
- Labeling 142
- Tape rotation 144
- Choosing a backup scheme 144
- Criteria of the choice 145
- Case to analyze 145
- GFS Example 1 146
- GFS Example 2 149
- GFS Example 3 151
- ToH Example 1 152
- ToH Example 2 153
- ToH Example 3 154
- Tape planning 155
- Tape planning: Example 1 156
- Tape planning: Example 2 156
- What if 157
- 4.2 Personal vaults 158
- Creating a personal vault 160
- 4.3 Common operations 161
- To show or hide columns 164
- 5 Scheduling 165
- 5.1 Daily schedule 166
- first at 8 AM 167
- second at 12 PM (noon) 167
- third at 3 PM 167
- fourth at 5 PM 167
- fifth at 7 PM 167
- 5.2 Weekly schedule 168
- 5.3 Monthly schedule 170
- Examples 171
- Parameters 172
- Use Wake-On-LAN 174
- 5.6 Conditions 175
- 5.6.1 User is idle 176
- 5.6.3 Fits time interval 177
- 5.6.4 User logged off 178
- 6 Direct management 180
- Activities 181
- Tasks need interaction 182
- Backup plan execution states 183
- Backup plan statuses 183
- Task states 184
- Task statuses 185
- Backup plan (p. 195) 186
- Recovery task (p. 215) 186
- Validation task (p. 235) 186
- Run backup plan 190
- Task details 190
- Archive 191
- Settings 191
- Progress 191
- Backup plan details 192
- 6.1.3 Log 193
- Configuring the log table 194
- 6.2 Creating a backup plan 195
- What to backup 196
- Where to back up 196
- How to back up 196
- Archive validation 196
- Backup options 196
- Convert to VM 197
- 6.2.3 Source type 198
- 6.2.4 Items to back up 199
- Selecting files and folders 200
- 6.2.6 Exclusions 201
- 6.2.7 Archive 202
- 2. Using the archives table 203
- 3. Naming the new archive 203
- 6.2.9 Backup schemes 204
- Back up now scheme 205
- Back up later scheme 205
- Simple scheme 205
- Tower of Hanoi scheme 209
- Custom backup scheme 210
- 6.2.10 Archive validation 213
- 6.3 Recovering data 215
- General 216
- What to recover 216
- Where to recover 216
- 6.3.1 Task credentials 217
- 6.3.2 Archive selection 218
- 6.3.3 Data type 219
- 6.3.4 Content selection 219
- 6.3.6 Destination selection 220
- Disk destination 221
- NT signature 221
- Volumes 222
- MBR destination 223
- Volume destination 223
- Volume properties 223
- Properties 224
- Virtual machine settings 225
- File destination 226
- Recovery exclusions 226
- Overwriting 226
- 6.3.8 When to recover 227
- 6.3.9 Universal Restore 227
- Preparation 228
- Universal Restore settings 228
- About Windows loaders 232
- Windows Vista/2008 233
- What to validate 235
- 6.4.1 Task credentials 236
- 6.4.2 Archive selection 236
- 6.4.3 Backup selection 237
- 6.4.4 Location selection 237
- 6.4.6 When to validate 238
- 6.5 Mounting an image 239
- 6.5.2 Backup selection 240
- 6.5.3 Access credentials 240
- 6.6 Managing mounted images 241
- What to export 243
- 6.7.1 Task credentials 244
- 6.7.2 Archive selection 244
- 6.7.3 Backup selection 245
- 6.7.5 Location selection 246
- 6.8 Acronis Secure Zone 248
- Acronis Secure Zone Size 249
- Result confirmation 249
- Deleting Acronis Secure Zone 251
- 6.10 Bootable media 252
- Linux-based bootable media 253
- PE-based bootable media 253
- Kernel parameters 255
- Network settings 256
- Network port 257
- Setting up a display mode 261
- Linux commands and utilities 262
- Example 265
- Mounting backup volumes 266
- 6.10.6 Acronis PXE Server 267
- 6.11 Disk management 268
- 6.11.1 Basic precautions 269
- Starting the operations 270
- Displaying operation results 270
- 6.11.5 Disk operations 271
- Disk conversion: MBR to GPT 273
- Disk conversion: GPT to MBR 274
- System disk conversion 275
- 6.11.6 Volume operations 276
- Creating a volume 277
- Types of dynamic volumes 277
- Create volume wizard 278
- Select destination disks 278
- Set the volume size 279
- Set the volume options 279
- Delete volume 280
- Set active volume 281
- Change volume letter 281
- Change volume label 282
- Format volume 282
- 6.11.7 Pending operations 283
- 7 Centralized management 284
- 7.1.2 Backup policies 286
- Backup policy statuses 287
- Actions on backup policies 288
- Machines selection 289
- Policy details 290
- 7.1.3 Physical machines 291
- Actions on machines 292
- Applying policies 293
- Grouping actions 293
- Other actions 294
- Text file requirements 296
- Adding machines to a group 297
- Machine details 298
- Backup policies 299
- Plans and tasks 299
- Member of 302
- Hosted virtual machines 302
- Inheritance order 303
- Actions on groups 303
- To create a group 304
- Operating system 304
- Adding multiple criteria 305
- Move one group to another 306
- Editing custom groups 306
- Group details 307
- 7.1.4 Virtual machines 308
- VMware vCenter integration 310
- Support for vCenter clusters 312
- Removing Agent for ESX/ESXi 315
- 7.1.5 Storage nodes 316
- Actions on storage nodes 317
- Adding a storage node 318
- Storage node details 318
- 7.1.6 Tasks 319
- 7.1.7 Log 321
- Local event log 322
- Centralized event log 322
- Actions on log entries 323
- 7.1.8 Reporting 325
- Report about the machines 326
- Report about the tasks 327
- Filters 328
- Report view 328
- Column selection 330
- Connection parameters 342
- Event tracing parameters 344
- When to modify 345
- What to back up 346
- 7.3.1 Policy credentials 348
- 7.3.2 Items to back up 349
- 7.3.4 Exclusions 353
- 7.3.5 Archive 354
- 2. Naming the archives 355
- Roll-back period 361
- Resulting tasks 364
- 7.3.8 Archive validation 365
- Glossary 366
- Backup plan (Plan) 368
- Backup policy (Policy) 368
- Backup scheme 369
- Bootable agent 369
- Bootable media 369
- Built-in group 369
- Centralized backup plan 370
- Centralized management 370
- Centralized task 370
- Centralized vault 370
- Cleanup 370
- Disk backup (Image) 372
- Disk group 372
- Dynamic disk 373
- Dynamic group 373
- Dynamic volume 374
- Encrypted archive 374
- Encrypted vault 374
- Storage node-side validation 378
- Tower of Hanoi 378
- Windows Vista (PE 2.0) 380
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